What are Software Test Types?

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  1. Functional testing
  2. Non-functional testing
  3. Structural testing                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

    What is Functional testing (Testing of functions) in software?

                 In functional testing basically the testing of the functions of component or system is done. It refers to activities that verify a specific action or function of the code.The techniques used for functional testing are often specification-based. Testing functionality can be done from two perspective:
    • Requirement-based testing: In this type of testing the requirements are prioritized depending on the risk criteria and accordingly the tests are prioritized. This will ensure that the most important and most critical tests are included in the testing effort.
    • Business-process-based testing: In this type of testing the scenarios involved in the day-to-day business use of the system are described. It uses the knowledge of the business processes. For example, a personal and payroll system may have the business process along the lines of: someone joins the company, employee is paid on the regular basis and employee finally leaves the company.
    • What is Structural testing (Testing of software structure/architecture)?
    • The structural testing is the testing of the structure of the system or component.
      • Structural testing is often referred to as ‘white box’ or ‘glass box’ or ‘clear-box testing’ because in structural testing we are interested in what is happening ‘inside the system/application’.
      • In structural testing the testers are required to have the knowledge of the internal implementations of the code. Here the testers require knowledge of how the software is implemented, how it works.
      • Structural testing can be used at all levels of testing. Developers use structural testing in component testing and component integration testing, especially where there is good tool support for code coverage. Structural testing is also used in system and acceptance testing, but the structures are different. For example, the coverage of menu options or major business transactions could be the structural element in system or acceptance testing.

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